సముద్ర శాస్త్రం: పరిశోధన & అభివృద్ధి

నైరూప్య

Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Oral Vaccines against Viral Diseases of Fish

Arun K. Dhar and F. C. Thomas Allnutt

This review covers the current state of the art in oral vaccination of fish against viral diseases. It provides a comparison of the current state of fish vaccination, explores the various routes of vaccination, and then focuses on oral vaccination and the current state of this important and emerging vaccination strategy. A brief discussion is included of the essential research needed to support future widespread use of oral vaccination in fish aquaculture is also provided.