జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ స్పీచ్ పాథాలజీ & థెరపీ

నైరూప్య

A REVIEW ON GUTFLORA, BRAINGUT AXIS AND ALZHEIMER DISEASE

Simachal Panda

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease in which pathophysiological changes occurs in amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles. The studies have been revealed that micro biota-gut brain axis. Gut brain has various pathways of connection. Gut and spinal cord are connected together by vagus nerve. Brain stem nuclei may require direct connectivity with brain. Enteric nervous system may stimulated by gut bacteria. Blood circulation may connect brain and gut. Probiotics are the microorganisms those give beneficial action to host body. Probiotics have the efficiency to provide substances which are beneficial for inflammation and related disease. Stress, antibiotic consumption, poor eating habits may lead to health risks due to micro flora imbalance in gut. The gut micro beta producing chemicals such as monoamine and amino acid through lymphatic and vascular system may reach to brain. Its direct link with micro biota brain gut connectivity. Gut micro beta are responsive to neurotransmitters signaled by brain. Flora have the ability to synthesize and release neuron transmitters as serotonin, dopamine and histamine. “neuroinflammation” occurs due to neuron release substance. It is common in AD. In this context the idea developed is probiotics can reduce anti-inflammatory activity in AD by alteration in gut micro biota, which is known as dysbiosis.It can be due to gut infection, age. Healthy diatery pattern along with balanced prebiotics and probiotics decline in neurocognitive effects in AD.