పర్యావరణ కాలుష్యం మరియు వాతావరణ మార్పు

నైరూప్య

A Review of Pollution Prevention Technology in Leather Industry

Melaku Tafese Awulachew

This is part of the partial fulfillment for the master of science in chemical engineering (food engineering stream) for the course Industrial Ecosystems Engineering-CBEg 6114-. Tannery effluent is among one of the dangerous pollutants of the industry. Beside its benefit industrialization has resulted in the formation of huge amount of waste products, which are released into the environment in the form of wastewater leading to environmental pollution and deterioration. Tanning industries are one of the major manufacturing processes which are responsible for tremendous pollution of water resources. In these industries, animal hides are transformed into leather through many complex stages, consuming high quantities of water and using large amounts of chemicals such as lime, sodium sulfide, ammonium sulfate, sodium chloride, bactericides, vegetable tannins, and chrome salts. Tannery wastewaters are mainly characterized by high salinity, high organic loading, and specific pollutants such as sulfide and chromium. During tanning process there are three types of wastes such as air pollutant, water pollutant and solid pollutant are discharge during various steps namely: beam house operations, tan yard operations, post tanning operations and finishing operations. uncontrolled release of tannery effluents to natural water bodies increases health risks for human beings and environmental pollution. wastes generated from tanning industries, should be managed in an environmentally safe way to reduce the risk of environmental pollution, the paper give an attention to review, major pollutant from the source, and the way to manage in tannery manufacturing process.