ఇంటర్నేషనల్ జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ ఎమర్జెన్సీ మెంటల్ హెల్త్ అండ్ హ్యూమన్ రెసిలెన్స్

నైరూప్య

A Blueprint for the Future Development of Psychotherapy

Emilio Gutiérrez, Carlos Libisch and Olaia Carrera

A dispassionate view of psychotherapy, leaving aside allegiances to particular schools, reveals it is extremely uncommon to find clear differences in efficacy between diverse treatment approaches (Luborsky et al., 2002). Even worse, when active treatments are compared to structurally equivalent placebos, only negligible effects are obtained in comparison to former treatments (Baskin, Tierney, Minami & Wampold, 2003). A plausible explanation for the apparent similarity in efficacy of different treatments is the existence of underlying common factors shared by all treatments which is ultimately responsible for the purported equivalence attained by different therapeutic approaches (Frank & Frank, 1993). This shared equivalence has been recently reinforced by the literature on placebo, and particularly research using neuroimaging techniques showing how patients’ expectancies interact with the clinical setting stimulating the rewarding brain circuitry.